Sialidase inhibitor modulates gut microbiota and enhances mucosal protection in ulcerative colitis

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In a pilot randomized clinical trial, a sialidase inhibitor improved clinical symptoms and endoscopic outcomes in mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis and was associated with enrichment of butyrate-producing taxa and beneficial pathways. In a DSS mouse model the inhibitor reduced inflammation, restored the mucus layer (increasing Muc2 and Tff3), and—unlike broad-spectrum antibiotics—preserved microbial community resilience while enriching mucolytic commensals.

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